以銅粉、鋁粉、鎳粉和銅包鐵粉為原料,采用粉末冶金工藝制備含不同質量分數(0,1.6%,3.2%,4.8%,6.4%)鐵元素的Cu-10Al-4Ni合金,研究了鐵含量對合金顯微組織和性能的影響。結果表明:未添加鐵元素的合金組織由κ_Ⅲ相、α相和Al₄Cu₉相組成;當添加質量分數1.6%的鐵元素后,合金中的κ_Ⅲ相增多,Al₄Cu₉相減少;當鐵元素質量分數達到3.2%時,Al₄Cu₉相進一步減少,合金中析出κ_Ⅰ相和κ_Ⅱ相;隨著鐵含量繼續增加,Al₄Cu₉相消失,κ_Ⅰ相增多,而κ_Ⅲ相開始減少。隨著鐵含量的增加,合金的燒結密度減小,硬度先降低后增加再降低,當鐵質量分數達到3.2%時硬度最大;合金的屈服強度隨鐵含量增加呈波動變化,當鐵質量分數達到4.8%時屈服強度最大。

With copper powder, aluminum powder, nickel powder and copper-coated iron powder as raw materials, Cu-10Al-4Ni alloys containing different mass fractions (0, 1.6%, 3.2%, 4.8%, 6.4%) of iron were prepared by powder metallurgy process. The effect of iron content on the microstructure and properties of the alloy was studied. The results show that the microstructure of the alloy without iron addition consisted of Κ_Ⅲ phase, α phase and Al₄Cu₉ phase. When the mass fraction of iron was 1.6%, the Κ_Ⅲ phase increased and Al₄Cu₉ phase decreased in the alloy. When the mass fraction of iron was 3.2%, Al₄Cu₉ phase further decreased, and Κ_Ⅰ and Κ_Ⅱ phases were precipitated in the alloy. When the iron content continued to increase, the Al₄Cu₉ phase disappeared, Κ_Ⅰ phase increased while Κ_Ⅲ phase decreased. With increasing iron content, the sintered density of the alloy decreased, the hardness decreased first then increased and then decreased, and reached the maximum with iron mass fraction of 3.2%. The yield strength of the alloy fluctuated with increasing iron content, and reached the maximum when the mass fraction of iron was 4.8%.